weird because calcium carbonate and acid isn't really a neutralisation reaction.but i guess for your question calcium carbonate is a better option because one mole of calcium carbonate can neutralise two moles of acid while one mole of sodium hydroxide can only neutralise one mole of acid?
Because calcium will most likely form insoluble products (calcium sulfate, for example, is insoluble), and this will not contaminate the water to any great degree. Also, a high level of sodium is undesirable. Finally, calcium carbonate is insoluble, so it will act slowly and not pose a great danger to the life in the lake; any unreacted carbonate will remain solid, not affecting lake life. Sodium hydroxide is very caustic and will damage or kill lake organisms before having reacted fully.
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